MS-DOS secret or unknown commands

LEARN JAVA YOURSELF----JAVA THROUGH BASICS--SIVAKAMESWARA RAO

BEFORE GOING INTO JAVA LET ME TEACH U SOME BASICS

  ALL THAT YOU NEED TO PRACTISE IS..

•  JDK
• JRE

YOU CAN GET THEM FREE......@.http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index.html

Java Architecture

The Java environment is composed of a number of system components. You use these components at compile time to create the Java program and at run time to execute the program. Java achieves its independence by creating programs designed to run on the Java Virtual Machine rather than any specific computer system.

• After you write a Java program, you use a compiler that reads the statements in the program and translates them into a machine independent format called bytecode.
• Bytecode files, which are very compact, are easily transported through a distributed system like the Internet.
• The compiled Java code (resulting byte code) will be executed at run time.

Java programs can be written and executed in two ways:

• Stand-alone application (A Java Swing Application)
• Applet which runs on a web browser (Example: Internet Explorer)

Java source code

A Java program is a collection of one or more java classes. A Java source file can contain more than one class definition and has a .java extension. Each class definition in a source file is compiled into a separate class file. The name of this compiled file is comprised of the name of the class with .class as an extension. Before we proceed further in this section, I would recommend you to go through the ‘Basic Language Elements’.

Below is a java sample code for the traditional Hello World program. Basically, the idea behind this Hello World program is to learn how to create a program, compile and run it. To create your java source code you can use any editor( Text pad/Edit plus are my favorites) or you can use an IDE like Eclipse.

public class HelloWorld { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Hello World"); }//End of main }//End of HelloWorld Class

Output
Hello World

ABOUT THE PROGRAM

I created a class named “HelloWorld” containing a simple main function within it. The keyword class specifies that we are defining a class. The name of a public class is spelled exactly as the name of the file (Case Sensitive). All java programs begin execution with the method named main(). main method that gets executed has the following signature : public static void main(String args[]).Declaring this method as public means that it is accessible from outside the class so that the JVM can find it when it looks for the program to start it. It is necessary that the method is declared with return type void (i.e. no arguments are returned from the method). The main method contains a String argument array that can contain the command line arguments. The brackets { and } mark the beginning and ending of the class. The program contains a line ‘System.out.println(”Hello World”);’ that tells the computer to print out on one line of text namely ‘Hello World’. The semi-colon ‘;’ ends the line of code. The double slashes ‘//’ are used for comments that can be used to describe what a source code is doing. Everything to the right of the slashes on the same line does not get compiled, as they are simply the comments in a program.

Java Main method Declarations

class MainExample1 {public static void main(String[] args) {}}
class MainExample2 {public static void main(String []args) {}}
class MainExample3 {public static void main(String args[]) {}}

All the 3 valid main method’s shown above accepts a single String array argument. 

Compiling and Running an Application

To compile and run the program you need the JDK distributed by Sun Microsystems. The JDK contains documentation, examples, installation instructions, class libraries and packages, and tools. Download an editor like Textpad/EditPlus to type your code. You must save your source code with a .java extension. The name of the file must be the name of the public class contained in the file.

Steps for Saving, compiling and Running a Java

Step 1:Save the program With .java Extension.
Step 2:Compile the file from DOS prompt by typing javac <filename>.
Step 3:Successful Compilation, results in creation of .class containing byte code
Step 4:Execute the file by typing java <filename without extension>

Java Development Kit

The Java Developer’s Kit is distributed by Sun Microsystems. The JDK contains documentation, examples, installation instructions, class libraries and packages, and tools

javadoc

The javadoc tool provided by Sun is used to produce documentation for an application or program,

Jar Files

A jar file is used to group together related class files into a single file for more compact storage, distribution, and transmission.

PATH and CLASSPATH

The following are the general programming errors, which I think every beginning java programmer would come across. Here is a solution on how to solve the problems when running on a Microsoft Windows Machine.

1. ‘javac’ is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file

When you get this error, you should conclude that your operating system cannot find the compiler (javac). To solve this error you need to set the PATH variable.

How to set the PATH Variable?

Firstly the PATH variable is set so that we can compile and execute programs from any directory without having to type the full path of the command. To set the PATH of jdk on your system (Windows XP), add the full path of the jdk<version>\bin directory to the PATH variable. Set the PATH as follows on a Windows machine:

a. Click Start > Right Click “My Computer” and click on “Properties”
b. Click Advanced > Environment Variables.
c. Add the location of bin folder of JDK installation for PATH in User Variables and System Variables. A typical value for PATH is:

C:\jdk<version>\bin (jdk<version is nothing but the name of the directory where jdk is installed)

If there are already some entries in the PATH variable then you must add a semicolon and then add the above value (Version being replaced with the version of JDK). The new path takes effect in each new command prompt window you open after setting the PATH variable.

2. Exception in thread “main” java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: HelloWorld

If you receive this error, java cannot find your compiled byte code file, HelloWorld.class.If both your class files and source code are in the same working directory and if you try running your program from the current working directory than, your program must get executed without any problems as, java tries to find your .class file is your current directory. If your class files are present in some other directory other than that of the java files we must set the CLASSPATH pointing to the directory that contain your compiled class files.CLASSPATH can be set as follows on a Windows machine:

a. Click Start > Right Click “My Computer” and click on “Properties”
b. Click Advanced > Environment Variables.

Add the location of classes’ folder containing all your java classes in User Variables.

If there are already some entries in the CLASSPATH variable then you must add a semicolon and then add the new value . The new class path takes effect in each new command prompt window you open after setting the CLASSPATH variable.

Java 1.5

The Java 1.5 released in September 2004.

Goals

Less code complexity
Better readability
More compile-time type safety
Some new functionality (generics, scanner)

New Features

Enhanced for loop
Enumerated types
Autoboxing & unboxing
Generic types
Scanner
Variable number of arguments (varargs)
Static imports
Annotations

5 common erros in writing a resume--siva kameswara rao

Resumes are the most significant asset or the biggest liability for a candidate. Being the most important document ever written about a candidate, it is surprising how little time and thought is used in creating resumes.
Does this sound like you? The bad news about this is that your resume is actually hurting you. If you cannot get an interview after sending your resume to a recruiter, posting it on a website or sending it to a company, your resume is not selling you. Without proper sales, you cannot get a job interview. If you cannot get a job interview, you cannot find a job. Why then do candidates continue to use the same resume even if it does not work for them is unclear.
Studies have shown that Recruiters and Employers will not spend too much time reviewing a resume. If in 30 seconds to a minute, the resume does not grab their attention, it will be discarded.

Some common errors in resumes are:

Resume Error #1 - Candidates Career Objectives are unclear. Many resumes show Career Objectives that specify what the candidate wants for himself. What are you bringing to an employer? That is an important area to be covered in a Career Objective.
Managers are looking for candidates who are clear in their objective and thinking. Sadly, this aspect is missing from a number of resumes. To sell yourself, I propose a clear and concise objectives. The subsequent writing in the resume needs to relate to the Career Objectives. Many readers will not read beyond Career Objectives as this can be the basis on which a candidate is seen to be clear or unclear.

Resume Error #2 - Key Skills and Competencies of the candidate are not identified. I have come across many resumes where key skills and competencies are not written. The Resume reader is left to identify these by reading the resume. If an organisation is looking for certain key skills and competencies in a resume, not identifying these means that the initial scan reveals that the candidate is not qualified for the role.
It is therefore critical that key skills and competencies are identified.

Resume Error #3 - Your Resume is not Achievements Driven - Your resume should not just list dates, jobs and duties statement. Under every single job, you should list your outstanding achievements. Many candidates I have spoken to are at a loss to identify their achievements even in conversation. Not listing achievements means that you are missing out on vital roles.
To further sell yourself, you must have a clear and concise list of experience and achievements.

Resume Blunder #4 - There are no Industry Key Words in the resume. Aptitude job seekers must utilise the net to search for and include industry key words. Many organisations receive hundreds of resumes in these depressed economic times. Having a number of key industry words in your resume gives you an edge over anyone else.

Resume Blunder #5 - The Resume is too long and filled with duty statements. Resumes must only be two to three pages in length maximum. If you are an older worker, do not list all your previous positions. You will look overqualified to a reader. In addition, the reader could roughly calculate your age and you could then be the victim of age discrimination.
Lengthy resumes remain unread and do not attract attention of the recruiter.

As you can see, these mistakes and many others act against you in your quest to search for suitable work. These blunders cause delays. Even when you get a job, others with lesser qualifications receive more salary than you do.

Investment in a good resume is a critical first step to your job search. Talk to a professional who writes hundreds of individual resumes and has the market knowledge to be able to create an effective resume for you. Many candidates do not realize the importance of being different from others. A professional resume writer has years of experience and can be a key asset to your job search.

Gigabyte India Grows 37 Percent YoY

Motherboards manufacturer Gigabyte Technology reported a 37 percent year-over-year (YoY) revenue growth in Q4 FY10 in which its motherboard sales in many tier 2 and tier 3 regions grew by over 100 percent.

The company credited its partners who drove over 85 percent of the company business. Rajan Sharma, General Manager, Marketing and Sales, Gigabyte India, said, "We were able to leverage our distribution strength, spread and expertise to reach new regions and partners. Our local resources were spent more on channel building, education, training, marketing and brand-building activities that ensured sustainable and continuous demand generation.”

"In Q4, we also continued with the smooth transition of our business model to direct shipment, which began in Q3," he added. While over 2,000 resellers registered for the Q3 2010 Gigabyte Value Partner Program (GVPP), the company expects to increase its value partner base to over 2,500 with its current GVPP. Its post-sales infrastructure includes a service network spread over 100 locations across India and a dedicated RMA team.

Commenting on the 2011 plans Sharma said, "In 2011, we look forward to further increasing our presence in non-metros by focusing on product visibility, availability and channel penetration. We also intend to increase our Premium Partner base for smoother and efficient supply chain. As always, our focus will be on ensuring the right price /performance ratio for our products and customers. We are also working closely with our distributors to leverage their strengths in warehousing and supply to reach more locations."

Gigabyte’s national distributors include Avnet, Ingram Micro, Redington and Neoteric.

Philips updates markets on Lighting and Design in meeting

Royal Philips Electronics will update the markets on progress at its Lighting sector. Rudy Provoost, Chief Executive officer of Philips Lighting and member of the Philips Board of Management, will discuss Philips’ strategy to further strengthen its global leadership position in Lighting.

Mr. Provoost, together with members of his management team, will discuss the drivers that are expected to help further increase profitable growth, including a progress update on both ‘Green’ lighting solutions and on the integration of recent strategic acquisitions. Mr. Provoost will also address Philips Lighting’s strategy for emerging markets and will elaborate on developments in the important business area of Solid State Lighting explaining how the sector is well positioned to capture the opportunities in this fast-growing field.

Mr. Provoost will confirm that Philips Lighting is on track to achieve its EBITA margin target of 12% to 14% for 2010, supporting Philips’ Vision 2010 group guidance. He will also confirm Lighting expects for the medium term an average annual sales growth of around 6% on a comparable basis.

At today’s meeting, Philips will also update the markets on its Design activities. Stefano Marzano, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Creative Director of Philips Design, will discuss how Philips’ deep understanding of people, society and trends shapes the company’s people-centric design approach. Mr. Marzano and his team will explain how this approach creates value for the Philips Group, enabling the creation of a steady stream of innovative solutions for customers and clients